15 Oldest Cities in India
1. Varanasi:
Established in 11th century BC. It is nestled along the holy river Ganges, Varanasi, also known as Kashi, is the oldest inhabited city in India and one of the oldest in the world.
2. Pataliputra (now Patna):
The ancient capital of the Mauryan Empire, was one of the largest and most prosperous cities in the world during its time. It was established in 5th century BC.
3. Ujjain:
Established in 600 BC, Ujjain has been a prominent center of art, culture, and education for centuries. It is renowned for its association with astronomy, with the observatory of the famous mathematician, astronomer, and astrologer, Varahamihira.
4. Mathura:
Established in 6th century BC, it is considered the birthplace of Lord Krishna, Mathura holds immense religious and historical significance. It boasts numerous ancient temples and is a hub of Krishna devotees.
5. Ayodhya:
Established in 600 BC, Ayodhya is revered as the birthplace of Lord Rama and holds great importance in Hindu mythology. It attracts pilgrims from all over the world, especially during festivals like Diwali and Ram Navami.
6. Taxila:
Established in 6th century BC. Having been a renowned center of learning and commerce during ancient times, Taxila is now a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It showcases the diverse influences of different civilizations.
7. Murshidabad:
Established in 5th century BC, Murshidabad, situated on the banks of the Bhagirathi River, was the capital of the Bengal Nawabs during the 18th century. It played a crucial role in Mughal and British colonial history.
8. Ahmedabad:
Established in 5th century AD, the city is founded by Sultan Ahmed Shah, Ahmedabad has a rich heritage of Islamic architecture, vibrant bazaars, and a thriving textile industry. It is also home to the iconic Sabarmati Ashram associated with Mahatma Gandhi.
9. Madurai:
Established in 3rd century BC, Madurai, known as the "Athens of the East," is home to the magnificent Meenakshi Amman Temple. The city's cultural heritage, literature, and music have thrived for over two millennia.
10. Chennai (formerly Madras):
Established in 3rd century BC, Chennai, the capital city of Tamil Nadu, has a rich historical legacy. It showcases a blend of colonial architecture, classical music, and dance, making it a cultural hub of South India.
11. Agra:
Established in 2nd century BC. Agra, situated on the banks of the Yamuna River, is famous for the grand Taj Mahal, a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the Seven Wonders of the World. It also houses other architectural marvels like the Agra Fort.
12. Rajgir:
Established in 2nd century BC. Rajgir is a historic town in Bihar, nestled amidst scenic hills. It holds immense importance in Jain and Buddhist traditions, with ancient sites like the Gridhakuta Hill, Vulture's Peak, and Venuvana.
13. Thanjavur:
Established in 2nd century BC. Known as the "Rice Bowl of Tamil Nadu," Thanjavur served as the capital of the Chola Empire and is renowned for its stunning Brihadeeswarar Temple, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
14. Puri:
Established in 3rd century BC. Puri is a coastal city in Odisha, famed for the Jagannath Temple Rath Yatra, which attracts devotees and tourists from all over the world. Its serene beaches and vibrant culture add to its charm.
15. Nalanda:
Established in 5th century AD. Nalanda, an ancient center of learning, was home to the renowned Nalanda University. It attracted scholars from across the globe and played a pivotal role in the development of Buddhism and Indian philosophy.