Birdwatching in Costa Rica: What to Know and Where to Go

Costa Rica is a birdwatcher’s paradise, home to more than 900 bird species—a staggering number for a country smaller than West Virginia! With lush rainforests, misty cloud forests, coastal wetlands, and volcanic highlands, this small Central American nation offers an unparalleled variety of habitats for birds. Whether you’re a seasoned birder or just starting, Costa Rica’s vibrant avian life is sure to amaze you.

In this guide, we’ll cover everything you need to know about birdwatching in Costa Rica, including the best times to visit, essential gear, top destinations, and iconic bird species you might encounter.

Why Costa Rica is a Top Birdwatching Destination

Costa Rica’s geographic location between North and South America makes it a biological corridor for migratory species. The country’s extensive national parks and wildlife reserves ensure that bird populations thrive in protected areas. Additionally, Costa Rica’s commitment to eco-tourism means there are excellent birding lodges, guided tours, and sustainable travel options available.

Some key reasons why birdwatchers flock to Costa Rica:

High Biodiversity: Over 900 recorded species, including rare and endemic birds.

Diverse Ecosystems: Rainforests, cloud forests, wetlands, and coastal habitats.

Easy Access: Well-maintained trails, guided tours, and birding lodges.

Seasonal Migrations: Witness migratory birds from North and South America.

Best Time for Birdwatching in Costa Rica

You can enjoy birdwatching in Costa Rica year-round, but certain seasons offer unique experiences:

Dry Season (December – April): Ideal for travel and spotting resident birds. The clearer skies and less rainfall make it easier to see and photograph birds.

Green Season (May – November): Lush landscapes and fewer tourists. While rain is more frequent, this season is great for spotting migratory species arriving from North America (September – November).

Breeding Season (March – June): Many birds are more active, showing off their bright plumage and engaging in courtship displays.

For the Resplendent Quetzal, one of the most sought-after species, the best time to visit is March to July, when they are nesting in cloud forests.

Essential Birdwatching in Costa Rica Gear

Before heading out, make sure you have the right gear:

Binoculars (8×42 or 10×42 recommended)

Field guide (e.g., “The Birds of Costa Rica” by Richard Garrigues & Robert Dean)

Camera with zoom lens (optional but great for documentation)

Notebook or birdwatching app (eBird is a great option)

Lightweight clothing & rain gear (moisture-wicking fabrics and waterproof jackets)

Insect repellent & sunscreen (especially for rainforest areas)

A local birding guide can also make a huge difference, helping you spot species that might otherwise go unnoticed.

Top Birdwatching Destinations in Costa Rica

1. Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve

Best for: Resplendent Quetzal, Three-wattled Bellbird, Black Guan

Monteverde’s cool, misty cloud forest is famous for its Resplendent Quetzals, a must-see for any birder. The area also hosts endemic species like the Coppery-headed Emerald hummingbird.

2. Carara National Park

Best for: Scarlet Macaw, Manakins, Trogons

Carara is unique because it’s a transition zone between dry and wet forests, making it home to a mix of species. The Scarlet Macaw is one of the highlights here, often seen in pairs or flocks.

3. La Selva Biological Station

Best for: Great Green Macaw, Snowy Cotinga, Motmots

Located in the lowland rainforest of Sarapiquí, La Selva is one of Costa Rica’s most important research stations and offers fantastic birdwatching. Keep an eye out for colorful tanagers and toucans.

4. Osa Peninsula & Corcovado National Park

Best for: Harpy Eagle, Black-cheeked Ant-Tanager (endemic)

The remote Osa Peninsula is home to some of the most biodiverse rainforests in the world. Birders come here in hopes of spotting the rare Harpy Eagle, one of the most powerful raptors.

5. Palo Verde National Park

Best for: Waterbirds, Jabiru Stork, Roseate Spoonbill

Palo Verde is a haven for waterbirds, with wetlands and mangroves attracting large flocks. The Jabiru Stork, the tallest flying bird in Central America, is a special sighting here.

6. Arenal Volcano National Park

Best for: Keel-billed Toucan, Montezuma Oropendola, White-throated Magpie-Jay

Arenal offers excellent birdwatching trails along the volcano slopes and surrounding forests. Toucans are particularly abundant in this region.

Iconic Birds of Costa Rica

Costa Rica is home to some of the most dazzling birds in the world. Here are a few must-see species:

Resplendent Quetzal – The jewel of Costa Rica’s cloud forests.

Scarlet Macaw – Vibrant red, yellow, and blue parrots often seen in pairs.

Keel-billed Toucan – Known for its rainbow-colored bill.

Great Green Macaw – An endangered species found in lowland rainforests.

Three-wattled Bellbird – Famous for its loud, metallic call.

Black-and-white Owl – Often seen at night near eco-lodges.

Long-tailed Manakin – Males perform an elaborate dance to attract females.

Birding Etiquette & Conservation Tips

When birdwatching, it’s important to respect both the birds and their habitats:

Stay quiet: Sudden movements or loud noises can scare birds away.

Keep a safe distance: Avoid disturbing nesting sites or feeding areas.

Use ethical birding practices: Avoid playback of bird calls in sensitive areas.

Support eco-tourism: Choose lodges and guides that focus on conservation.

Report your sightings: Use apps like eBird to contribute to citizen science.

Final Thoughts: Birdwatching in Costa Rica

Birdwatching in Costa Rica is an unforgettable experience, offering an incredible variety of species in breathtaking natural settings. Whether you’re spotting a Resplendent Quetzal in the cloud forests of Monteverde or watching Scarlet Macaws soar over Carara, every moment is a birding adventure.

With responsible travel and a sense of wonder, you’ll not only see some of the world’s most beautiful birds but also contribute to the conservation of Costa Rica’s rich biodiversity.

Have you been birdwatching in Costa Rica? What was your favorite sighting? Share your experiences below!